Joint Public Service Commission (JPSC): Constitutional Status, Composition and Functions |
Key Insights into Joint Public Service Commission for IAS Exam
To prepare for INDIAN POLITY for any competitive exam, aspirants have to know about the Joint Public Service Commission. It gives an idea of all the important topics for the IAS Exam and the polity syllabus (GS-II.). Important Joint Public Service Commission terms are important from the polity and governance perspectives in the UPSC exam. IAS aspirants should thoroughly understand their meaning and application, as questions can be asked from this static portion of the IAS Syllabus in both the UPSC Prelims and the UPSC Mains exams.
In this article, you can read about the Basics, Background, Objectives, Composition, tenure, Functions etc about the Joint Public Service Commission (JPSC) for the UPSC and SPSC.
Basics and Background of Joint Public Service Commission (JPSC)
- In 1926 on the recommendation of Lee Commission (1924), the Federal Public Service Commission was established.
- Government of India Act, 1935 provided for Central Public Service Commissions, State Public Service Commission and Joint Public Service Commission.
- The Constitution makes provision for a Joint Public Service Commission to cater to the needs of two or more states.
- JPSC is formed by an act of parliament. Thus, a JSPSC is a statutory and not a constitutional body.
- It submits reports to the concerned State Governors.
- The President decides composition, tenure, conditions of service, removal. Chairman and Members have a term of six years or till 62, whichever is earlier.
- They can be suspended or removed by the president, or they can resign by writing to the president.
E.g. – The two states of Punjab and Haryana had a JSPSC for a short period, after the creation of Haryana out of Punjab in 1966.
What are the Key Differences and Similarities Among UPSC, SPSC, and Joint Public Service Commission (JPSC)?
| BASIS | UPSC | SPSC | JPSC |
| Creation | Constitution of India | Constitution of India | Created by the Law of Parliament if agreed by the concerned states and requested for creation by the resolution of the state. |
| Appointment of Members | President of India | Governor of State | President of India |
| Condition for Appointment | One half of members shall have held office for at least 10 years either under the government of India or government of a state. | Same | Same |
| Term of Office | 6 or 65 years | 6 or 62 years | 6 or 62 years |
| Resignation from Office | Addressed to President | Addressed to President | Addressed to President |
| Grounds of Removal | Misbehaviour; On report of SC on inquiry held in accordance with procedure prescribed under Art. 145 | Same | Same |
| Removal Without report of SC | -Applies to any member or chairman of the Public Service Commission.
-Adjudged an Insolvent Engages in paid employment outside the duties of office -In opinion of President unfit to continue in office due to infirmity of body |
Same | Same |
| Prohibited to | Chairman | Chairman | Chairman |
| Terms for holding of office | –Ineligible for further employment either under GoI or govt. of a state.
-Members Ineligible for further appointment either under GoI or govt. of state Eligible for Chairman of UPSC Chairman of SPSC/JPSC |
-Eligible for appointment as Chairman of UPSC, Member of UPSC, Chairman of any other SPSC
-Members Eligible for Chairman of UPSC Chairman of SPSC/JPSC Member of UPSC |
Eligible for appointment as Chairman of UPSC, Member of UPSC,
Chairman of any other SPSC -Members Eligible for Chairman of UPSC Chairman of SPSC/Joint Public Service Commission Member of UPSC |
| Power to extend the tenure of the office
(Art.321) |
Parliament by law | State Legislature by law | Parliament by law |
| Power to Remove | President | President | President |
| Expenses of Commission | Charged on Consolidated fund of India (Art. 322) | Charged on consolidated fund of state (Art. 322) | Charged on consolidated fund of state concerned and shared between the states |
| Report of commission | Submitted to the President and then it is laid before each house of parliament | Submitted to the Governor and he lays it before the state legislature. | Submitted to Governors of the state concerned. Governors lay it before their state legislatures |
| Functions of PSC | Conduct Examinations for appointments | Same | Same
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